Category: OpenAI models

This category contains 27 pages.

  • CLIP · OpenAI's January 2021 contrastive vision-language model that learns image classification from natural-language supervision and became a standard component in text-to-image systems.
  • Codex (2021 model) · OpenAI's 2021 code-generation model, a GPT-3 descendant fine-tuned on public code; the original engine of GitHub Copilot and source of the HumanEval benchmark.
  • DALL-E · OpenAI's January 2021 text-to-image model, a 12-billion-parameter autoregressive Transformer that generated images from natural-language prompts.
  • DALL-E 2 · OpenAI's April 2022 text-to-image diffusion model, which generated 1024x1024 images from CLIP embeddings and popularized AI image generation.
  • DALL-E 3 · OpenAI's September 2023 text-to-image model, built to follow detailed prompts closely and integrated natively into ChatGPT.
  • GPT (model family) · OpenAI's Generative Pre-trained Transformer series, from GPT-1 (2018) through GPT-4 and successors.
  • GPT-1 · OpenAI's June 2018 Generative Pre-trained Transformer, the 117-million-parameter model that established the pretrain-then-finetune recipe behind the GPT series.
  • GPT-2 · OpenAI's 1.5-billion-parameter 2019 model; demonstrated multitask behavior from pure language modeling and started the staged-release debate.
  • GPT-3 · OpenAI's 175-billion-parameter language model of 2020, which demonstrated few-shot in-context learning at scale.
  • GPT-3.5 · OpenAI's 2022 model series bridging GPT-3 and GPT-4; the original engine of ChatGPT.
  • GPT-4 · OpenAI's fourth-generation GPT model, released March 14, 2023; multimodal input and undisclosed architecture.
  • GPT-4 Turbo · OpenAI's November 2023 update to GPT-4 with a 128,000-token context window, fresher training data, and substantially lower API pricing.
  • GPT-4.5 · OpenAI's February 2025 research-preview chat model, positioned as its largest scaling-focused (non-reasoning) model and retired from the API in mid-2025.
  • GPT-4o · OpenAI's May 2024 'omni' model: natively multimodal across text, vision, and audio, with real-time voice; became ChatGPT's long-running default.
  • GPT-4o mini · OpenAI's July 2024 small multimodal model, a low-cost successor to GPT-3.5 Turbo in ChatGPT and the API.
  • GPT-5 · OpenAI's August 2025 flagship: a unified system routing between fast and reasoning models, ending the GPT-4-era model picker.
  • GPT-5.1 · OpenAI's November 2025 update to GPT-5, pairing a warmer default conversational style with adaptive reasoning in Instant and Thinking variants.
  • GPT-5.2 · OpenAI's December 2025 update to the GPT-5 series, shipped in Instant, Thinking, and Pro variants amid intensified competition with Google's Gemini 3.
  • GPT-5.6 · OpenAI's July 2026 frontier model series (Sol, Terra, Luna), first released as a restricted preview to US-government-vetted organizations in June 2026.
  • gpt-oss · OpenAI's August 2025 open-weight models (120B and 20B MoE, Apache 2.0), its first open weights since GPT-2.
  • InstructGPT · OpenAI's 2022 RLHF-aligned GPT-3 variants; demonstrated that alignment training beats scale on human preference and set the template for ChatGPT.
  • o1 · OpenAI's first reasoning model (September 2024): trained with RL to think in long chains before answering, opening the test-time compute era.
  • o3 · OpenAI's frontier reasoning model, previewed in December 2024 and released in April 2025, noted for developer-reported gains on ARC-AGI, math, and coding benchmarks.
  • o4-mini · OpenAI's April 2025 small reasoning model, released alongside o3 with tool use and image-based reasoning at a lower price point.
  • Sora · OpenAI's text-to-video generation model, previewed in February 2024 and built on a diffusion transformer over spacetime patches.
  • Sora 2 · OpenAI's September 2025 video-and-audio generation model, launched alongside a consumer Sora app with likeness-based 'cameos'.
  • Whisper · OpenAI's open-source speech recognition model of September 2022, trained on 680,000 hours of weakly supervised multilingual audio.